Angelicus / Polka-Dot Loach (Botia kubotai)

Overview

A stunning species from the upper Salween basin (Myanmar, Thailand) with white spots on a dark background. Reaches 13 cm, peaceful and gregarious in a group.

Appearance

Shared with the species: Botia Loaches (genus overview)

Botia species are small to medium-sized fish (5–16 cm depending on species) with a characteristic elongated, ventrally flattened body. Colouration varies: most species display striped or spotted patterns in black, brown, and yellow tones. The Zebra Loach (Botia striata) is notable for bright yellow and dark vertical bands, and the Yo-yo Loach (Botia almorhae) for a distinctive reticulated pattern. Each eye is flanked by a retractable bifurcated spine.

Care

Shared with the species: Botia Loaches (genus overview)

Most Botia species require tanks of 100–200 litres (depending on adult size) with groups of at least 5–6 individuals. A soft sand or fine-gravel substrate protects delicate barbels. Strong filtration and good oxygenation are important. General parameters: temperature 22–28 °C, pH 6.5–7.5, soft to moderate hardness. A tight-fitting lid is essential as these fish are accomplished jumpers. Plenty of caves, driftwood, and hiding spots reduce territorial stress.

Feeding

Shared with the species: Botia Loaches (genus overview)

Omnivorous benthophages with a particular appetite for snails. In captivity they readily accept quality sinking pellets, algae wafers, frozen bloodworm, daphnia, tubifex, and brine shrimp. Vegetable foods such as blanched cucumber, courgette, or spinach are welcomed. Their snail-eating ability makes them one of the most effective biological controls for snail outbreaks in the aquarium.

Compatibility

Shared with the species: Botia Loaches (genus overview)

Most species are reasonably peaceful and coexist with cyprinids, tetras, and similarly sized community fish. Intraspecific aggression is reduced by keeping larger groups that distribute any hierarchical conflict. The Zebra Loach (B. striata) is widely regarded as the best choice for a general community among the genus. Not suitable for aquaria containing very small fish under 3–4 cm.

Breeding

Shared with the species: Botia Loaches (genus overview)

Most Botia species rarely if ever breed in home aquaria. In nature spawning occurs during the monsoon season in flooded forested areas. Commercial breeding employs hormonal stimulation. Botia produce non-adhesive eggs scattered over the substrate and show no parental care. Reliable hobbyist breeding has not been reported for the genus.

Fun facts

Shared with the species: Botia Loaches (genus overview)

All Botia species possess sharp suborbital spines that extend when the fish is stressed and can tangle in fishing nets or plastic bags used during transport. The audible clicking produced during feeding comes from specialized pharyngeal teeth used to extract snails from their shells.